Judo.

JUDO (from Japanese Ju - softness, to - path) - a kind of martial arts, which, along with throws Allowed pain (only on the hand) and chokes. Athletes in kimono (long jacket with belt and pants) fighting on special mats - mats.

To achieve victory in front attacker must perform throw the opponent to the mat on his back, in a prone position - pain or rear naked choke or hold (30). Technical action fighters are estimated as follows: a clear victory - "ippon" (10: 0), "Vasari" (7: 0) "yuko" (5: 0) "Coca" (3: 0). International Judo Federation (FID) was established in 1951 and has around 180 national federations.

At the 1992 Olympics judo competition held for the first time among women in seven weight categories. The program of Olympic Games since 1964 (except 1968), the competition is held with the participants after the first knockout defeat. Wrestlers who lost in the preliminary bouts athletes who later became semi-finalists, contest the bronze medal, which is awarded to both participants in each weight category.

In 1964 and 1972, winners of the repechage fights became semifinalists and could challenge the gold medals. In each weight category country may be represented by one athlete. In 1964, the judo competition held in three weight classes, in 1972 and 1976 - five since 1980 - in seven.